Roshdi Rashed Livres

Les textes réunis dans ces quatre volumes portent sur l’histoire et la philosophie des mathématiques et de leurs applications. Les trois premiers tomes sont consacrés à l’histoire des mathématiques (arithmétique, algèbre, géométrie), de l’optique et de l’astronomie, de l’Antiquité à l’Âge classique. Les très nombreuses études qu’ils contiennent ont renouvelé, au cours des cinquante dernières années, l’étude des principaux mathématiciens grecs – Euclide, Archimède, Apollonius, Diophante, Ménélaüs – et ont montré quelle a été la nature et la portée de leur réception et de leurs transformations, tant dans l’Islam classique qu’au cours de la première modernité européenne. Le quatrième volume fonde et explore divers champs de recherche entre philosophie et mathématiques, des interactions polymorphes propres à la science grecque, arabe et latine jusqu’à la mathématisation des sciences sociales au XVIII e siècle. Tant par la nouveauté des matériaux découverts et édités pour la première fois que par la puissance et la finesse qui en guident toujours l’analyse épistémologique, les dizaines de contributions ici rassemblées représentent une œuvre majeure, qui a changé l’histoire des sciences de notre temps.

Al-Sijzī was a mathematician of the second half of the tenth century, a particularly fertile period for the history and philosophy of mathematics. He occupies a central place in a generation that, in particular, succeeded in renewing the methods of geometry and opening up new avenues of research in this field. This book contains a critical edition of several of his writings on plane and solid geometry, thus enriching research in the history and philosophy of mathematics. Al-Sijzī endeavours to identify the laws of geometry and, through a commentary on Euclid's books, to explain its principles. In the course of this work to elucidate the laws and concepts of the discipline, he also devoted essays to teaching, and others to the theory of demonstration. In addition, he kept up a rich correspondence with contemporary mathematicians, a living illustration of the mathematical research of his time.

The texts in these four volumes deal with the history and philosophy of mathematics and its applications. The first three volumes are devoted to the history of mathematics (arithmetic, algebra, geometry), optics and astronomy, from Antiquity to the Classical Age. Over the last fifty years, the numerous studies contained in this volume have renewed the study of the main Greek mathematicians - Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius, Diophantus, Menelaus - and have shown the nature and scope of their reception and transformations, both in classical Islam and in early European modernity. The fourth volume establishes and explores various fields of research between philosophy and mathematics, from the polymorphous interactions specific to Greek, Arab and Latin science to the mathematisation of the social sciences in the eighteenth century. Both in terms of the novelty of the material discovered and published for the first time and the power and finesse that continue to guide its epistemological analysis, the dozens of contributions collected here represent a major work that has changed the history of science in our time.

The texts in these four volumes deal with the history and philosophy of mathematics and its applications. The first three volumes are devoted to the history of mathematics (arithmetic, algebra, geometry), optics and astronomy, from Antiquity to the Classical Age. Over the last fifty years, the numerous studies contained in this volume have renewed the study of the main Greek mathematicians - Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius, Diophantus, Menelaus - and have shown the nature and scope of their reception and transformations, both in classical Islam and in early European modernity. The fourth volume establishes and explores various fields of research between philosophy and mathematics, from the polymorphous interactions specific to Greek, Arab and Latin science to the mathematisation of the social sciences in the eighteenth century. Both in terms of the novelty of the material discovered and published for the first time and the power and finesse that continue to guide its epistemological analysis, the dozens of contributions collected here represent a major work that has changed the history of science in our time.

The texts in these four volumes deal with the history and philosophy of mathematics and its applications. The first three volumes are devoted to the history of mathematics (arithmetic, algebra, geometry), optics and astronomy, from Antiquity to the Classical Age. Over the last fifty years, the numerous studies contained in this volume have renewed the study of the main Greek mathematicians - Euclid, Archimedes, Apollonius, Diophantus, Menelaus - and have shown the nature and scope of their reception and transformations, both in classical Islam and in early European modernity. The fourth volume establishes and explores various fields of research between philosophy and mathematics, from the polymorphous interactions specific to Greek, Arab and Latin science to the mathematisation of the social sciences in the eighteenth century. Both in terms of the novelty of the material discovered and published for the first time and the power and finesse that continue to guide its epistemological analysis, the dozens of contributions collected here represent a major work that has changed the history of science in our time.

Pierre Fermat est une figure majeure des mathématiques, dont l'œuvre du XVIIe siècle se distingue par sa diversité. Innovateur en théorie des nombres et en analyse diophantienne, il l'est également dans les disciplines géométriques. Bien que ses travaux en théorie des nombres aient été largement analysés, aucune étude n'a encore examiné l'ensemble de ses méthodes et théories géométriques. Cet ouvrage vise à combler cette lacune en proposant une étude de référence sur l'ensemble des travaux géométriques de Fermat. Il démontre comment, en s'appuyant sur les traditions géométriques grecques, arabes et latines, Fermat a contribué aux débuts modernes des disciplines géométriques. Ainsi, il offre une compréhension approfondie et éclairée de plusieurs chapitres des mathématiques classiques.

Dieses Buch ist der Geschichte der Begriffe in der arabischen Wissenschaftssprache gewidmet, die im Laufe der Übersetzungsarbeit (insbesondere aus dem Griechischen) geprägt oder für die Bedürfnisse einer originellen Forschung ab Ende des 8. Jahrhunderts erfunden wurden. Es handelt sich um das erste durchdachte Lexikon der klassischen wissenschaftlichen Terminologie des Arabischen in irgendeiner Sprache. Noch vor einem halben Jahrhundert undenkbar, wurde dieses über tausend Seiten umfassende Werk durch eine bessere Kenntnis der alten wissenschaftlichen Texte ermöglicht, deren Übersetzung, Kommentierung und Analyse wiederum durch die kürzliche Entdeckung neuer Manuskripte und die Veröffentlichung zahlreicher kritischer Editionen ermöglicht wurde. Es ist aber auch ein Werk, auf das Historiker der griechischen, mittelalterlichen und klassischen Wissenschaften nicht verzichten können, da es ihnen neue Einblicke und eine echte Reflexion über Begriffe und Konzepte bietet, die für ihr Fachgebiet von entscheidender Bedeutung sind.

Until recently, only six of thirteen books comprising Diophantus’ Arithmetica were known to us. Four other books in an Arabic translation have been discovered recently. We can now understand the organization of this work and its long-lasting impact on mathematics. The present book offers the first historical and mathematical study of the work as it has survived in ten books.

Focusing on the ninth and tenth centuries, this work delves into the rich history and philosophy of mathematics and science in the medieval Arab world. Roshdi Rashed, a distinguished scholar, explores the intricate historical, textual, and epistemic connections that shaped Arabic mathematical and scientific knowledge during this period, providing a unique perspective on its development and significance.

Exploring the evolution of classical mathematics, this book highlights the significant contributions from the Arab and Islamic worlds alongside the advancements made by European mathematicians such as Descartes and Fermat. It delves into the interconnectedness of these cultures and their influence on the development of mathematical thought, showcasing a rich tapestry of ideas and innovations that shaped the discipline.