Experimental and clinical aspects of surfactant replacement

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Surfactant replacement is now an established treatment for neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (RDS), reducing both incidence of complications and mortality. One of the first large randomized trials documenting these effects was reported by the Collaborative European Multicenter Study Group. This group has continued to co-ordinate clinical and experimental work related to surfactant replacement and to arrange annual meetings. The present supplement issue is based on 10 selected presentations from the European Workshop on Surfactant Replacement. The results and ideas presented are of interest to basic investigators in the field as well as to neonatologists who have adopted, or plan to adopt, this new therapeutic approach in their hospitals.