Life cycle design

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Small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are vital for fostering innovative ideas and initiatives essential for achieving sustainable production and consumption. Europe, as the historical center of industrialization, is poised to lead the transition to sustainable industrial practices, provided that the right conditions and motivated entrepreneurs emerge. Key to this transition are values related to resource availability, product functionality, and environmental impact, both locally and globally. Imagination, information, and encouragement will also play crucial roles. This manual offers SMEs a wealth of ideas, tools, examples, and guidance for developing environmentally conscious products. It emphasizes a holistic approach to product development and design, considering the entire life cycle—from identifying needs in the early stages to the disposal of the product after its use. Special attention is given to the principles and criteria for designing complex products, ensuring that sustainability is integrated at every phase of development.