Water and dialysis fluids

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Quality of water for dialysis is crucial for safety and “Good Dialysis Practice,” paralleling the importance of blood compatibility in the extracorporeal dialysis circuit. This textbook explores key factors influencing water purity, providing in-depth information on both chemical and biological purity, as well as their toxicological and physiological implications. It addresses essential questions, including how to prepare ultrapure fluids for dialysis, perform system validation, and establish standards for monitoring water purity. The text also covers safety aspects for water treatment facilities and outlines the responsibilities of dialysis center staff, incorporating current national and international ISO norms. The authors present a comprehensive approach, considering all steps of the “water purification cascade.” This handbook combines state-of-the-art knowledge with clinical insights from over 3,000 Fresenius clinics, offering practical recommendations for everyday clinical practice. With contributions from renowned specialists experienced in water treatment and the dialysis industry, this resource serves as a valuable guide for water quality management.