The Box

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In April 1956, a refitted oil tanker transported fifty-eight shipping containers from Newark to Houston, marking the inception of container shipping, which would revolutionize global trade. This narrative chronicles the container's creation, the struggles prior to its widespread adoption, and the significant economic impact stemming from reduced transportation costs. Released on the fiftieth anniversary of the first container voyage, this comprehensive history highlights how visionary entrepreneur Malcom McLean transformed containerization from a mere concept into a thriving industry, drastically lowering the cost of global goods transportation. The transition to containerization required substantial investments from private sectors and ports eager to embrace new technology. It also involved complex negotiations with labor leaders Harry Bridges and Teddy Gleason and the establishment of standards for universal container compatibility across transportation modes. McLean's pivotal role in supporting U.S. forces during the Vietnam War ultimately showcased the container's potential. Drawing on overlooked sources, economist Marc Levinson illustrates how containerization reshaped economic geography, leading to the decline of traditional ports like New York and London while propelling the rise of lesser-known ports like Oakland. By making shipping affordable, the container enabled industries to relocate far from consumers, positionin