Moral Agents and Their Deserts

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Exploring the ethical framework of eighth- and ninth-century Mu'tazilite theologians, this work delves into profound questions regarding the necessity of rewarding good deeds and punishing wrongdoers. It examines the relationship between moral identity and actions, highlighting the Mu'tazilites' commitment to moral objectivism and the significant role of reason in understanding moral truths. Central to their philosophy is the concept of moral desert, which dictates the consequences—reward or punishment—based on individual actions.