The Three Waves of Distance Learning

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Focusing on the evolution of distance learning, the essay explores its development from the nineteenth century to the present, highlighting the impact of interconnectivity and the internationalization of higher education. It defines key terms such as distance learning, distance education, and extramural studies, while employing a process tracing method to outline three distinct waves of distance learning. The discussion encompasses early practices, the influence of electronic media in the twentieth century, and the current landscape dominated by internet-based education, alongside considerations of power dynamics.