Creation of the Dutch art collection in the Hermitage in the 18th century and the role it played in the westernization of Russia

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Focusing on the cultural transformation initiated by Peter the Great, this paper explores his efforts and those of his successors to integrate Western European influences into Russian society. It highlights the significance of St. Petersburg as a symbol of this Westernization and examines the Romanov dynasty's collection of Western art, particularly Dutch masterpieces housed in the Hermitage. The study underscores the pivotal roles of both Peter the Great and Catherine the Great in shaping Russia's artistic and cultural landscape towards a more European orientation.