Two Treatises of Government

John Locke, a pivotal political philosopher, argues for the inherent freedom and equality of individuals in his Two Treatises of Government. He challenges the divine right of monarchs, asserting that political power is rooted in the creation of laws aimed at protecting property and serving the public good. The Second Treatise elaborates on these ideas through a preface and nineteen chapters, emphasizing that the legitimacy of laws relies on the consent of the governed.